Study of the Influence of Lifestyle on the Risk of Developing Breast Cancer in Individuals with a Known Genetic Predisposition (BRCA1/2 Mutation)

Genetic factors play a significant role in breast cancer risk. A mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes significantly increases the risk of developing breast or ovarian cancer over the course of a person’s lifetime.

Regardless of hereditary factors, breast cancer is treated—depending on the extent of the disease—with medication, surgery, and radiation therapy. Studies have also shown that lifestyle can influence both the risk of developing the disease and its progression. For non-hereditary breast cancer, it has been demonstrated that a healthy diet (Mediterranean diet), regular exercise, and a stable body weight can reduce the risk of developing the disease.

The LIBRE-2 study is now investigating these associations specifically in women with a hereditary BRCA1/2 mutation. To this end, two groups are being formed as part of the study: Participants in the intervention group take part in a 12-month program that includes structured physical exercise and a Mediterranean diet. This diet, which is rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, and healthy fats, is considered particularly beneficial to health. The goal of the program is to motivate the women to make long-term lifestyle changes to reduce their risk of cancer. The control group, on the other hand, receives general information about healthy eating and exercise, but no specific guidance or supportive measures.

Assignment to one of the two groups is random. The program’s effectiveness is primarily assessed based on adherence to the diet, calculation of the body mass index (BMI), and improvements in physical fitness.

Women with a confirmed BRCA1/2 mutation who are at least 18 years old are eligible to participate. They may be healthy or may already have breast cancer. Participation is not possible if the participant is currently undergoing chemotherapy or if the cancer has already spread (metastases).